Before this renovation, which included the mosque's outer walls being raised and decoration added to the ceiling, the mosque was a small open area with the Kaaba at the center. The first major renovation to the mosque took place in 692 on the orders of Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. Thus ended polytheistic use of the Kaaba, and began monotheistic rule over it and its sanctuary. Upon Muhammad's victorious return to Mecca in 630 CE, he broke the idols in and around the Kaaba, similar to what, according to the Quran, Abraham did in his homeland. Īfter placing the Black Stone in the Eastern corner of the Kaaba, Abraham received a revelation, in which God told the aged prophet that he should now go and proclaim the pilgrimage to mankind, so that men may come both from Arabia and from lands far away, on camel and on foot. The Black Stone is believed by Islamic scholars to be the only remnant of the original structure made by Abraham. After Abraham had built the Kaaba, an angel brought to him the Black Stone, a celestial stone that, according to tradition, had fallen from Heaven on the nearby hill Abu Qubays. ![]() God showed Abraham the exact site which was previously built by Adam, very near to what is now the Well of Zamzam, where Abraham and Ishmael began work on the construction of the Kaaba. Era of Abraham and Ismael Īccording to Islamic doctrine in the Quran, Abraham together with his son Ismael raised the foundations of a house, which has been identified by commentators as the Kaaba. In that case, either the Mosque of the Companions or Quba Mosque would be the first mosque that was built in the history of Islam. According to other scholars, Islam started during the lifetime of Muhammad in the 7th century CE, and so did architectural components such as the mosque. ![]() Abraham is credited by Muslims with having built the Kaaba in Mecca, and consequently its sanctuary, which according to the Muslim view is seen as the first mosque that ever existed. According to Islamic tradition, Islam as a religion precedes Muhammad, representing previous prophets such as Abraham. The Great Mosque contends with the Masjid As-Sahabah in the Eritrean city of Massawa and Quba Mosque in Medina as the oldest mosque. History įurther information: Islamic architecture It has passed through the control of various caliphs, sultans and kings, and is now under the control of the King of Saudi Arabia who is titled the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques. It has undergone major renovations and expansions through the years. ![]() Īs of August 2020, the Great Mosque is both the largest mosque in the world, and the most expensive building in the world. The Great Mosque includes other important significant sites, including the Black Stone, the Zamzam Well, Maqam Ibrahim, and the hills of Safa and Marwa. The rites of both pilgrimages include circumambulating the Kaaba within the mosque. It is a site of pilgrimage in the Hajj, which every Muslim must do at least once in their lives if able, and is also the main phase for the ʿ Umrah, the lesser pilgrimage that can be undertaken any time of the year. Masjid al-Haram ( Arabic: ٱَلْمَسْجِدُ ٱلْحَرَامُ, romanized: al-Masjid al-Ḥarām, lit.'The Sacred Mosque'), also known as the Grand Mosque or the Great Mosque of Mecca, is a mosque enclosing the vicinity of the Kaaba in Mecca, in the Mecca Province of Saudi Arabia.
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